What Is Already Happening

• Since 1970 waters between 0-600m have warmed and waters between 0-800m have become more saline.

What Could Happen

• Surface layers are liklely to be stratified for a longer period during year by the end of the century.
• Increased tendency for stratification could lead to offshore blooms including Karenia mikimotoi which has been associated with fish kills and benthic mortalities in coastal waters.